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LLOYD GEORGE by M^ PUNCH

"THE CHEF."
Too many Broths don't spoil this Cook.

[Mav iS, I02I.1

LLOYD GEORGE by

JVl ' r U IN (^ O With an Introduction
by W. ALGERNON LOCKER ^ ^ ^

"TWELFTH NIGHTJ" (Jan. 6).
Ur. Lioyd Geoige {as MalvoUo). "Fool, there was never man so notoriously

abused." — Act IV', Scene 2.

[Jan. 7, 1914.]

GASSELL & COMPANY, LIMITED

LONDON, NEW YORK, TORONTO AND MELBOURNE

1922

By arrangement with the Proprietors of PUNCH

LLOYD GEORGE by W- PUNCH

^ INTRODUCTION

"^[GT everyone, happily, accepts the
^ ^ cynical aphorism " Call no man happy
until he is dead"; but "Call no man
famous until he has figured in a Punch
cartoon " is a statement to which most
of us would be prepared to subscribe.
During the past eighty-one years all the
prominent figures of British political life
have been the subject of Mr. Punch's
usually genial but always satirical pencil.
Most of them enjoyed the joke ; the late
Lord Goschen once congratulated himself
in a public speech on having " attained
to the highest ambition which a states-
man can reach — ^namely to have a cartoon
in Punch all to himself." The only not-
able exception was Lord Brougham, who
complained that Punch's portraits of him did not do him justice. He received
appropriate punishment, for when " Dicky " Doyle designed the famous cover,
still in use, he gave the mask which is dragged in the mire in front of Mr.
Punch the features of Brougham, and so made him a permanent laughing-
stock.

I do not pretend to know the Prime Minister's private opinion, but, as
no one has ever accused him of lacking a sense of humour, I imagine that
he rather likes being caricatured, and that it was a proud day for him when
his portrait first appeared in Punch. That was on December 12th, 1900,
in the little picture reproduced above, which was prompted by his vigorous
attacks upon Mr. Joseph Chamberlain in connexion with the South African
War. He did not attain the Goschen standard and have a full page all to
himself until nearly six years later, when he had already been nearly sixteen
years in the House of Commons.

The reason for this comparatively late arrival into the centre of the political
stage of a man who has since occupied it almost exclusively is perhaps to be
found in the circumstances of his birth and upbringing. David Lloyd George

Ll-yd G-rge and the Dragon !
The fir it drawing of Mr, Lloyd George in " Punch.''

[Dec. 12, 1900.]

754607

Inlrodnction

was born in Manchester, on January i/tli, 1863. His father was W'ilUam
George, a National school-teacher, who a year or two later, for reasons of
health, resigned his post, and took a small farm at Haverfordwest, in his
nati\'e Soutli Wales. The young parents had a hard struggle for a few months,
and then William George died of pneumonia. Mrs. George was obliged to
give up the farm and sell off her furniture in order to pay the debts. Then
she wrote to her brother, Richard Lloyd, who was the village cobbler at
Llanystumdwy, near Criccieth, in North Wales.

Richard Llo^'d was a hero. He invited his sister and her two little boys
to share his tiny cottage, and thenceforward devoted his life to their welfare.
David speedily showed the stuff that was in him. Full of mischief, and not
particularly industrious, he nevertheless, as one of his biographers puts it,
" just soaked up knowledge as a sponge soaks up water," and was always
at the top of his class in the village school. The story of how he headed a
revolt of his schoolfellows against the established practice of going to church
on Ash Wednesday to recite the Catechism has often been told. The obliga-
tion to " order myself lowly and reverently before my betters " can never
have made much appeal to him.

Had he been bom twenty years later, so clever and enterprising a boy
would, aided by scholarships, have proceeded via the secondary school to a
University, and thence to a post in the Civil Service, or would have carved
out a career for himself at the Bar, or in journalism. Someone has said of
him that he would have made " a splendid leader-writer." But there were
few scholarships for elementary schoolboys in those days, and none of the
local magnates had the foresight to provide for his higher education, and
thereby, perhaps, to change the current of his thoughts and save the landed
interest from its bitterest foe.

It was left to the Radical Nonconformist cobbler to provide for his promis-
ing nephew's future. He determined that David should become a solicitor.
From his scanty savings he furnished the fees for the necessary examinations,
and — a still more remarkable proof of devotion — set himself to acquire the
elements of French and Latin in order to help his ■protege to pass them.

At fourteen the lad passed the preliminary examination of the Incorporated
Law Society (in wliose hall his portrait now hangs) ; two years later he was
articled ; and at twenty-one he was admitted to the roll. The resources of
the family had been so exhausted that the newly-fledged solicitor had to go
into an office and earn the three guineas necessary for his official robe.

He took a little cfiice at the neighbouring town of Criccieth, and soon
attracted clients. His powers of speech, developed in the village smithy at
Llanystumdwy and in the debating-society at Portmadoc, were already known
throughout the country-side. Persons charged with petty offences at the
police-courts found that Lawyer George, whatever the merits of the case,
could always be relied upon to put up a good light, and that he was not to
be overawed by any browbeating on the part of the Bench. In one much-
quoted instance, when defending four men charged with poaching, he objected
so strongly to their being tried by local landowners that he drove them,

Introduction

Chairman and all, from the Bench. In another, dealing with the right of
Nonconformists to burial in a Church of England graveyard, he challenged
the ruling of the County Court judge, and appealed to a divisional court in
London, where Lord Chief Justice Coleridge and another judge decided in
his favour. He was then twenty-five.

This triumph made him famous throughout the length and breadth of
Wales. It was felt that his fighting qualities demanded a wider sphere of
action. First he was co-opted as an Alderman of the newly-elected Carnarvon-
shire County Council ; next he was selected as prospective Liberal candidate
for the Carnarvon Boroughs, then held by a Conservative.

But the most important event of this annus mirahilis (1888) was his
marriage to Miss Margaret Owen, the pretty daughter of a local farmer.
It was a union of minds as well as hearts. Matrimony, which so often
stifles ambition, in this case only served to strengthen it. As one of his
biographers puts it, " his vision began to spread over the general field of
politics instead of remaining exclusively, as hitherto, fixed upon projects
of special interest to Wales." For the time being, however, his political
activity was chiefly devoted to the campaign for Welsh Disestablishment.
The principal defender of the Church in Wales was the Bishop of St. Asaph
(now Archbishop of Wales). A good story is told of how Mr. Lloyd George,
who had been brought down to speak in a certain district where Dr. Edwards
was thought to wield too much influence, was introduced by the Chairman
of the meeting in the following words : — " The Bishop of St. Asaph has been
speaking against us, and we all know that he is a very great liar. Thank
God we have a match for him here to-night in Mr. Lloyd George."

In the spring of 1890 an unexpected vacancy occurred in the Carnarvon
Boroughs, and in the ensuing by-election Mr. Lloyd George, although opposed
by the local squire, was successful. His majority was only 18, but narrow
though it was, like Mercutio's wound, it served. The new member took his
seat in the House of Commons on April 17th, 1890. I wonder whether as
he took the oath he remembered the entry that he had made in his diary
ten years before while on a visit to London : — " Went to Houses of Parlia-
ment. Very much disappointed with them ... I will not say I eyed the
assembly in the spirit in which William the Conqueror eyed England on his
visit to Edward the Confessor — as the region of his future domain. O vanity ! "
At any rate, he was wisely in no great hurry to begin his conquest, and it was
nearly two months before he made his maiden speech. It was pronounced a
success by his friends in the House, but attracted little attention outside.

During the remaining two years of the Salisbury Parliament Mr. Lloyd
George was content, for the most part, with watching his fellow-members
and learning the manners and customs of the House. Some of his impressions
were recorded in the Parliamentary letters which he contributed to one of
the Welsh newspapers, but neither at this nor any other time did he show much
taste for writing. His preference was always for the spoken rather than
the written word. At the General Election of 1892 he was again returned
by the Carnarvon Boroughs, with the increased majority of 196.

Ijiiroditction

Mr. Gladstone had returned to office, but hardly to power, for his majority
was only 40, and was composed of such heterogeneous elements as Irish
Nationalists (mainly Roman Catholics) and Welsh Disestablishers (mainly
extreme Protestants). The young Member for Carnarvon was a supporter
of Home Rule for Ireland on the general principle of justice to small nation-
alities, but his first love was Disestablishment. He saw no reason why it
should be thrust into the background, and did not scruple to tackle the Grand
Old Man himself — though fifty years his senior in age and Parliamentary
experience — for what he considered his dilatorincss in this matter.

His real chance came after the General Election of 1895. Nearly a hun-
dred Liberal seats were lost, but he held his own in Carnarvon Boroughs,
again with a slightly increased majority. His vigorous attacks on the policy
of the new Unionist Government soon brought him into notice. At the
end of 1896 Sir Henry Lucy wrote in his " Diary of the Salisbury Parlia-
ment " : — " The nearest approach to the establishment of a new reputation
is found in the case of Mr. Lloyd George. Early in his career he suffered
from the indiscretion of an enthusiastic countryman who hailed him as ' the
Welsh Parnell.' In endeavouring to live up to this mark Mr. Lloyd George
succeeded in obscuring what the House has this Session recognized as sterling
qualities in debate." In fact he was developing from a " parochial " into
an " Imperial " politician. Visits which he made during this Parliament
to South America and Canada probably helped to hasten the process, for,
as Kipling says, " What do they know of England who only England know ? "
With the instinct of the born fighter Mr. Lloyd George chose the strongest
man in the Government as the main object of his attacks. i\Ir. Joseph
Chamberlain, the Colonial Secretary, was then at the zenith of his powers,
and did not spare those who opposed his South African policy. But
the young Welsh champion, though often " downed," was never " knocked
out."

When the Boer War broke out he was in Canada. He hastened home,
and was shocked to find that the war appeared to be popular, and that all
the recognized leaders of the Liberal Party were either approving or in-
different. Having convinced himself that the Boers were a small nation
rightly struggling to be free, and that this was in his own phrase " a war
of plunder," he set himself to convince the rest of his countrymen. At a
scries of meetings throughout the kingdom he denounced the war as an
infamy. With courage almost suicidal he proposed to hold a meeting in Mr.
Chamberlain's own bailiwick, and was compelled to flee for his life (disguised
as a policeman) from the attentions of the Brummagem " toughs." His
agitation resulted in his becoming for the time being the most unpopular
man in England, but also one of the best-known.

The first drawing of him in Punch, as has already been noted, dates from
this period. His next appearance was in January, 1902, when in " Parlia-
mentary Indians " (a drawing which for technical reasons has not been re-
produced) he was represented as a young " brave " adorning an old Chief
(Sir H. Campbell-Bannerman) with " stop-the-war paint." On July 29th,

IntrodiLction

1903, he appeared for the first time in a cartoon. It represented ParHament
as the " Old Woman Who Lived in a Shoe " lamenting over the number
of " groups " into which the historic parties had been split. On this occasion
Mr. Punch, though doubtless accurate in depicting the actual state of affairs,
cannot be said to have shown his usual " intelligent anticipation of events
before they occur," for Mr. Lloyd George is shown waving an anti-Imperialist
banner.

From this time forward the fissures in the Unionist Party consequent
upon the Tariff Reform campaign began to widen, and to encourage the
Liberals' hopes of a return to office. A cartoon on January 25th, 1905,
represented Mr. Balfour as weary of the burdens of the Premiership, and
Messrs. Lloyd George and Winston Churchill as " Ready to Oblige" by taking
them over. But the demise of the Balfour Administration was delayed,
and in April we see the Member for Carnarvon as one of a group of expectant
" Mourners Out of Employment."

At last, however, the end came. In December, 1905, Mr. Balfour resigned,
and Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman was invited to form an Administration.
Like Mr. Chamberlain in 1880, Mr. Lloyd George had made himself too pro-
minent to be overlooked, and by an interesting coincidence he was given
the same office, the Presidency of the Board of Trade. Mr. Punch seized
the opportunity (January 3rd, 1906) to depict him in levee-dress.

There was some shaking of heads among old-fashioned Liberals at the
promotion of one whom they regarded as a firebrand. But their fears were
quickly dissipated. The new Minister, who had been so fiery in Opposition,
was suave and courteous on the Treasury Bench. With characteristic energy
he set himself to master the machinery of his Department, and soon showed
by his answers to " supplementary " questions — the great test of callow
Ministers — that he had succeeded in his task. Out of office he had expressed
strong views regarding what he considered the undue influence exercised
by permanent officials on Governmental policy ; but he got on very well
^^'ith his own staff, despite his rather unconventional methods of adminis-
tration. For example, when there was a railway accident at Shrewsbury
in which twenty people were killed, he insisted on accompanying the Board
of Trade Inspector to the scene of the accident, and himself took an active
part in the official inquiry that followed. Among the measures that he
passed was the Patents and Designs Act, which provided inter alia, rather
to the consternation of the rigid Free-Traders, that a foreigner must, as
a condition of holding a British patent, manufacture his goods in this
country. As its author said, in reply to his Cobdenite critics, " Free
Trade may be the alpha, but it is not the omega, of Liberal policy." The
Merchant Shipping Act gave British sailors better food and healthier con-
ditions than they had formerly enjoyed, and insisted that foreign ships using
British ports should maintain the same standards. Equally important,
from the historical point of view, was his successful intervention in a railway
dispute which threatened to end in a universal strike. It was his initial
effort in the role of conciliator, and it brought him for the first time in his

Iiitroduclion

life the praise of liis political opponents {see Cartoon, " The Lubricator,"
November 13th, 1907).

The only people, indeed, who looked a little askance at him were the
mihtant Nonconformists of Wales. In his early days in Parliament he had
been so enthusiastic in the cause of Welsh nationalism, and particularly of
the disestablishment and disendowmcnt of the Church in Wales, that they
had apparently expected his inclusion in the Ministry to be immediately
followed by the realization of their hopes. But to their disgust they found
that Disestablishment had been relegated to an unknown future, and that
they were still called upon to pay rates for the maintenance of schools in
which the hated Catechism was taught. The only boon their trusted champion
had been able to secure for them was the establishment of a special Welsh
branch in the Education Department. Mr. Punch evidently thought this
a remarkable exploit, and on the strength of it paid Mr. Lloyd George the
comphment, for the first time, of a cartoon all to himself {see " Carnarvon,"
July 25th, 1906). But the Welsh extremists were not placated, and a year
later we see them (under the guise of a goat) trying to prod their now
rather reluctant knight into greater activity against the Church dragon.

In the spring of 1908 Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, smitten with a
mortal illness, resigned the Premiership, and was succeeded by Mr. Asquith,
the Chancellor of the Exchequer. As he had done very well at the Exchequer
on the traditional lines of British finance, and had materially reduced the
heavy debt left by the South African War, there were many who hoped that he
would follow the example set by Gladstone on more than one occasion, and
combine the Chancellorship with the Premiership. Mr. Lloyd George's claims
to promotion were, however, very strong, for besides doing his departmental
work very well he had been the principal mainstay of the Government's
defence in the House of Commons. Not without some misgivings, we may
imag'ne — they would have been greater if Mr. Asquith had foreseen the
future — the Prime Minister offered him the Chancellorship. At the same time
Messrs. Churchill, McKenna, and Runciman were admitted to the inner circle
of the Government [see " Cabinet Cherubs," April 22nd, 1908).

Mr. Lloyd George's qualifications as a financier were at that time an
unknown quantity, and perhaps wisely Mr. Asquith decided to introduce
the Budget which he had already prepared. For the most part it was of the
same steady-going character as its predecessors, but it contained one startling
novelty — the announcement of a scheme of Old Age Pensions for the aged poor.
This was a boon which had long been talked about by both parties — Mr
Chamberlain was one of its principal supporters — but had hitherto been
deemed impracticable owing to financial stringency. As the scheme was not
to come into operation until January, 1909, not much money was required
for it in the current financial year, but it involved a heavy contingent liability
for future years, for which Mr. Asquith left his successor to find the money.
Mr. Punch hit off the situation in a cartoon, " The Millstone," on May 27th,
1908, the day before Mr. Lloyd George introduced the Old Age Pensions Bill.
He returned to the subject on August 5th, by which time the Chancellor

IntrodtLction

had made it clear that he meant to find the necessary money by
taxing the richer classes, in a cartoon depicting Mr. Lloyd George as
" The Philanthropic Highwayman." Another, on September 23rd, showing
British trade complaining that she was " Not the bird she was," illustrated
the growing anxiety of the commercial community regarding the fiscal
policy of the Chancellor.

Without attempting to anticipate the verdict of liistory I think it may
safely be said that Mr. Lloyd George was a social reformer first and a financier
afterwards. The policy of all his predecessors without exception had been
to act as guardians of the national purse, to resist to the uttermost all new
demands upon it, to maintain the supervision of the Treasury over the spend-
ing departments, and to live up to Mr. Gladstone's principle of leaving as
much money as possible to fructify in the pockets of the taxpayer. That,
as Mr. Weedon Grossmith used to say in " The Pantomime Rehearsal,"
was not Mr. Lloyd George's " conception of the part." From his earliest
years he had chafed at the gross inequalities of fortune between the classes
and the masses. He knew that many of the poor — his own uncle, for
example — did not deserve their poverty. He strongly suspected that a good
many of the opulent did not deserve their riches. " Most of the wealth
of this country," he said on one occasion, " is accumulated a good deal
by luck." Now that he was in control of the nation's finances he deter-
mined to start redressing the balance. The ordinary Chancellor, faced
with the necessity of finding ten or twelve millions for Old Age Pensions,
would have contented himself with imposing taxation to that extent.
Mr. Lloyd George determined while he was about it to raise a good deal
more, and to employ the balance in initiating other schemes of national
benefit.

Another motive influenced his choice of methods. The House of Lords
had long been a stumbling-block in the path of Liberal legislation. Already
in the three years of the present Parliament the Peers had rejected two
measures of the first importance — the Education Bill of 1906, and the Licens-
ing Bill of 1908 (for Lord Lansdowne's attitude see cartoon " The Handy
Custodian," October 14th, 1908). The House of Lords must be punished,
and, as it was almost a house of landlords, the simplest and to Mr. Lloyd
George (whose early experiences had made him an out-and-out land reformer)
the most attractive way was to tax their acres. Either they would yield,
and so contribute heavily to the nation's needs, or they would resist, and
give the Liberals an opportunity of fighting them on ground much more
favourable than either Education or Liquor.

The Chancellor made no secret of his general intentions. " I have got
to rob somebody's hen-roost next year," he had said in a much-quoted phrase.
The tax-paying classes were naturally alarmed at the prospect before them.
Mr, Punch had more than one pictorial reference to their anxieties. In the
frontispiece to his first half-yearly volume for 1909 John Bull was represented
as a camel, weighed down with burdens, and turning a plaintive gaze upon
his remorseless driver, Mr. Lloyd George ; and in a cartoon that appeared

Infrodudioji

on April 28tli, 1909, the eve of the Budget, the Chancellor was depicted as
a hungry ogre, the Giant Gorgibuster.

There was a great scene in the House of Commons on the following
day, when Mr. Lloyd George rose to expound his first Budget. Members
crowded the floor and the side galleries, and even overflowed into the
Strangers' Gallery, from which the public, owing to the tactics of the militant
suffragettes, had been temporarily excluded. The Chancellor looked rather
nervous, as well he might, but there was no tremor in his musical voice as
he began his examination of the national finance. For a long time it revealed
notliing more sensational than that, owing to the demands of the Navy
(due to the great expansion of the German fleet) and of Old Age Pensions,
there would on the existing basis of taxation be a deficit of sixteen millions.

The sensations began when he passed on to consider the new schemes of
national benefit which the Government had in mind — the insurance of work-
men against unemployment, the improvement of the countryside by new
methods of agricultural instruction, the development of afforestation, the
provision of light railways, and the reclamation of land. One topic after
another was described with a wealth of illustration in the orator's fascinating
style, and the cheers that followed were not confined to one side of the
House. But after speaking for about two hours the orator began to falter.
He had planned his speech on a scale that made too great a demand upon his
physical resources, and seemed on the point of breaking down. Mr. Balfour,
who was leading the Opposition, came to the rescue with a suggestion that
the debate should be adjourned for half an hour, and this was gratefully
accepted. During the interval members discussed the speech. A great
scheme — but how was he going to pay for it ? They soon found out when
the Chancellor returned like a giant refreshed. The income-tax was raised
from IS. to IS. 2d., and in addition a super-tax of 6d. in the pound was
imposed on all incomes of over ;^5,ooo a year. These figures seem delight-
fully small in these days, but to the minds of the prospective victims they
appeared terrific thirteen years ago. So with the increase in the death
duties — when Mr. Lloyd George announced that on estates of over a million
the rate would be 15 per cent, one very wealthy member could bear the
strain no longer, but rose and left the House amid the ironical laughter of
his neighbours. And that did not end the tale. The tax on motor-cars
w^as sharply raised, so that even on a comparatively small car, as Mr. Punch
noted in a small picture, it amounted to £^ 8s. So were the customs and
excise duties, and the cost of liquor licences. This last impost was a direct
retort to the Peers' rejection of the Licensing Bill the year before.

Startling as they were in amount, there was nothing particularly novel
in these changes : they were simply an extension on the lines laid down by
previous Chancellors. The really original feature of the Budget was an
elaborate system of land duties, devised to secure for the public the benefit
of that hitherto elusive entity " unearned increment." To enable it to be
collected there was to be a complete valuation of all the land in the country,
and landowners were to furnish full particulars of their estates in order that

Introduction

it might be made. From tliis source the Chancellor hoped to receive a steadily
growing revenue with which to finance his social reforms. " This," he said
— happily unknowing what the term was to mean in a few years — " is a
war Budget. It is for raising money to wage implacable warfare against
poverty and squalidness. I cannot help hoping and believing that before
this generation has passed away we shall have advanced a great step to-
ward that good time when poverty and wretchedness, and the human degra-
dation which always follows in its camp, will be as remote from the people
of this country as the wolves which once infested its forests."

The Budget was hailed with enthusiasm in the Liberal and Labour Press,
and for a day or two the grandiosity of its conception seemed almost to have
stifled criticism. But in a very short time the critics found their breath,
and began to assail its proposals, particularly the land taxes, with unex-
ampled vigour and ferocity. Its author was denounced as a " Robber "
and his schemes were described at once as predatory and impracticable.
There was, perhaps, some ground for the latter epithet. I was told not long
ago by a high official of the Treasury that if the land duties had been allowed
to go through as they were originally introduced they would have proved
unworkable ; it was only the prolonged hammering that they received
in Committee on the Finance Bill that welded them into some sort of
coherence. Even so, they never produced enough revenue to meet the
cost of valuation, and ten years after their introduction were withdrawn as
useless.

The opposition to the Finance Bill was by no means confined to the classes
directly affected by the new duties. It was reinforced by the opinion of the
" City," which Punch reflected in a cartoon of the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer as Canute retreating from a wave of " Financial Common Sense,"
and received a good deal of support from the general public. As Mr. Lloyd
George himself once said, " The last thing in the world John Bull wants is
to be mollycoddled," and many people were more concerned with the imme-
diate burden of the new imposts than with the future benefits held out to
them. The Chancellor had possibly not realized, moreover, how large was
the number of people interested in the ownership of land — smallholders,
members of building societies, speculative builders, and their employes —
who were ready to resist what they regarded as an attack upon their property
or their means of livelihood. Together they contributed a formidable force,
whose objections had to be taken into account.

A few of them were met in the Finance Bill, but on the whole the differ-
ences between the Budget and the Bill were small and unimportant, as
Mr. Punch noted in " The Transformation Trick " shortly after its intro-
duction. The agitation against the proposed new taxes became stronger
and more vituperative as time went on. But Mr. Lloyd George belongs
to that species of which the French savant observed that " when attacked
it defends itself." On July 30th he went dowTi to Limehouse, and
there delivered a reply in which he declared, among other things, that his
opponents were " assailing these taxes with a concentrated and sustained

Introduction

ferocity which will not even allow a comma to escape with its life." Well,
he certainly gave them as good as he got. Dispensing with the polite peri-
phrases usually employed in political controversy he employed all the re-
sources of a singularly pungent vocabulary in denunciation of the " Dukes "
and the "idle rich." For some time after this outburst there was a serious
danger that a new verb, " To Limehouse," would be permanently added to
the language.

The agitation throughout the country continued, and to counteract it
the Liberals started a Budget League which sent speakers into the rural
districts. As the Chancellor of the Exchequer was too busy piloting the
Finance Bill through the House of Commons to take much part in the extra-
Parliamentary campaign gramophone records of his speeches were used to
stir up enthusiasm in tlie villages. Mr. Punch duly noticed this develop-
ment in one of many cartoons dealing with the agitation. In another it was
hinted that Mr. Asquith, the Prime Minister, was a little perturbed at the
licence which his lieutenants, Mr. Lloyd George and Mr. Churchill, were per-
mitting themselves. Apparently the Peers were under the impression that
the Budget was unpopular, for when the Finance Bill reached the Upper
House, "Decked for the Sacrifice" (October 27th), they refused to pass it
without an appeal to the country.

The challenge was promptly taken up. Parliament was immediately
dissolved, and in the interval before the General Election a terrific campaign
was launched against the House of Lords. Needless to say, Mr. Lloyd George
was its fugleman. In a speech delivered shortly after the rejection of the
Bill he said, " We have got to arrest the criminal. We have to see he per-
petrates no further crime. A new chapter is now being written for the sinister
assembly which is more responsible than any other power for wrecking popular
hopes, but which, in my judgment, has perpetrated its last act of destructive
fury."

At the General Election of January, 1910, Mr. Lloyd George was again
returned for Carnarvon Boroughs, but many Liberal candidates were defeated,
and Mr. Asquith found himself dependent for a working majority on the
support of the Irish Nationalist and Labour groups. The Ministry was re-
constituted, and Mr. Churchill, who had ably seconded Mr, Lloyd George
in the campaign, was admitted to the Cabinet as Home Secretary. The Budget
was reintroduced, and this time was meekly passed by the House of Lords,
which was now chiefly concerned with the threatened attack upon its privi-
leges. The House of Commons passed a series of resolutions demanding the
absolute exclusion of the Upper House from the domain of finance, the limita-
tion of its power of veto over measures passed by the Commons, and its recon-
stitution as an elective instead of an hereditary chamber. The first two of
these were embodied in the Parliament Bill. It was obvious that the Lords
would not pass such a measure except under duress, and towards the end of
the year it became known that the Government were prepared, if necessary,
to recommend King George (who had succeeded his father in the spring of
this year) to create as many Peers as might be necessary to vote down the

Introduction

Opposition in the Upper House {see Cartoon, " The Chance of a Lifetime,"
December 28th).

Another General Election held to ascertain the opinion of the country
upon these proposals made no appreciable change in the balance of parties,
A large part of the Session of the following year was devoted to the Parliament
Bill. In the Lords a strong party was in favour of resisting it at all costs,
but the majority, afraid of being swamped by the threatened new creations,
gave it a reluctant assent.

Mr. Lloyd George's activities were not confined to the constitutional
struggle. During a visit to Germany which he made in 1908 he was much
struck with the care that the German Empire took of the health of its citizens,
and determined to see whether, with due regard to British idiosyncrasies,
something of the same kind could not be done in this country. The result
was the National Insurance Bill which he introduced on May 4th, 191 1. His
persuasive eloquence at first secured a welcome for the Bill, but very soon the
voice of criticism was heard. It came chiefly from the medical profession,
which feared that the State fees would not compensate for the loss of private
practice ; from domestic servants — a notoriously conservative class — who
did not like the enforced deductions from their wages ; and from their
mistresses, who objected to the " stamp-licking " involved.

Historically, the most striking event in Mr. Lloyd George's career during
1911 was the speech that he made on July 21st at the Mansion House. Hitherto
he had been regarded as a " Little Englander," entirely immersed in domestic
affairs. Now for the first time he appeared as an Imperial statesman, Ger-
many had been for some time shaking the " mailed fist " at France over
Morocco, and had crowned her provocations by sending a warship to the
Moorish port of Agadir. Apparently she was under the impression that
the Entente was as flimsy as her own " scraps of paper," and that Britain
would give her friends in France no practical assistance. The Chancellor
of the Exchequer was selected, probably because of his known reputation
as a peace-lover, to dissipate this illusion. He reminded the Germans that
Britain had more than once redeemed continental nations — Germany herself
included — from overwhelming disaster and international extinction. " If,"
he proceeded, " a situation were to be forced upon us in which peace could
only be preserved by the surrender of the great and beneficent position
which Britain has won by centuries of heroism and achievement, by allowing
Britain to be treated when her interests are vitally affected as if she were of
no account in the Cabinet of Nations, then I say emphatically that peace
at that price would be a humiliation intolerable for a great country like ours
to endure."

The speech created a great sensation, and for the time being caused Ger-
many to draw in her horns. Lord Fisher in his "Memories" says: "Those
choice words of Lloyd George upset the German apple-cart in a way it was
never upset before." It may seem strange that it received no direct
notice in Punch. That was simply due to the fact that it was delivered on
a Friday, and that the Punch dinner at which the cartoons for the following

Infrodiidiou

week arc settled is held on a \\^cdncsday. Statesmen and others desirous of
immortalization should bear this in mind, and be careful to deliver their
epoch-making speeches, execute their heroic deeds, or launch their startling
" stunts " not later than Wednesday afternoon. Although Mr. Punch
neglected Mr. Lloyd George's speech, he illustrated its effect in a cartoon
representing a German militarist stubbing his toe on a rock marked " Entente
Cordiale," and ejaculating " Donncrwetter ! I thought it was going to be
paper."

At the end of this year, rather to the surprise of the Liberal Party, the
Lords, chastened by their past experience, passed the Insurance Bill without
serious alteration. But Mr. Lloyd George had a good deal of difficulty with
doctors and others in getting the Act into operation. Several cartoons in
1912 dealt with this subject. Eventually he effected a settlement by agreeing
to pa}' an increased fee of 8s. 6d. for each patient on the panel. He had a
good many other trials this year. The Cabinet was divided on " Votes for
Women," and though Mr. Lloyd George was himself favourable, that did
not spare him from the hostile attentions of the militant suffragettes. Trade
was not too good. Consols continued to sag, and though the Budget showed
a good surplus much of it was swallowed up by the increasing demands of
the Navy. The enthusiasm for social reform began to die down. To add
to the Chancellor's anxieties heavy rains injured the harvest. Nevertheless,
though the land taxes did not evoke much popularity, he continued to press
on with the machinery for their collection, and was accused in the Oppo-
sition Press of having inspired with that object a secret land inquiry.

In 1913 Mr. Lloyd George was more engaged in completing old plans
than in developing new ones. But by this time he was a standing dish in
Punch, which during the year added nearly a score of pictures of him to its
gallery. Two or three were devoted to an unfortunate incident which did
some temporary injury to his reputation. With Sir Rufus Isaacs and the
Master of Elibank he purchased some shares in the American Marconi Company,
at a time when the parent institution was in negotiation with the Govern-
ment. It was a thoughtless act which a man of the world would have
avoided ; but its hcinousness was exaggerated by party spleen. A Committee
of the House of Commons found that the culprits had been guilty of nothing
worse than folly, and Punch endorsed its verdict with a cartoon, entitled
" Blameless Telegraphy." Several cartoons deal with the development of
the land campaign, and with the amendment of the Insurance Act. One
deserves a word of special notice. In " The German Lloyd," the Kaiser
and the British Chancellor of the Exchequer arc represented as conducting
an amicable conversation over the telephone on the subject of taxing capital.
This was the first time that Punch brought into pictorial juxtaposition the
two men who were to be the protagonists of the Great War.

The fateful year 1914 opened with few forebodings. Our relations with
Germany had improved since the Agadir i7nhroglio. So little did Mr. Lloyd
George himself foresee the coming thunderstorm that in a New Year's message
to a newspaper he said: " I think this is the most favourable moment that

Introduction

has presented itself within the last twenty years to overhaul our expenditure
on armaments." After all he was no worse a prophet than the late Lord
Granville, who, on becoming Foreign Secretary, in July,- 1870, stated on the
authority of the Permanent Under-Secretary that there was hardly a cloud
on the Continental horizon — and this just ten days before the outbreak of
the Franco-Prussian War.

Punch reflected the general optimism. It had many pictures chaffing the
Chancellor of the Exchequer, chiefly in regard to his land campaign (e.g. as
" The Monarch of the Glen — A New Land-seer)." By a rather strange coinci-
dence the last of these appeared on July 23rd, less than a fortnight before
the outbreak of the war, and it represented Mr. Lloyd George as a German !

Perhaps it helped to create the impression that the Chancellor of the
Exchequer was opposed to Britain's entry into the war. He was undoubtedly
reluctant, nor was that remarkable in a man of his upbringing and anti-
militarist opinions. But he did not take long to make up his mind. The
invasion of Belgium decided him. It brought into play the same feeling
that had caused his hostility to the Boer War — the desire to hasten to the
aid of a small nation oppressed by a great one. From that moment the war
had no more fervent supporter, and Germany no more dangerous enemy.
His first business was to ensure our financial stability. One of the stock
prophecies had been that war would mean a panic in the City, banks stopping
pajnnent, commerce paralysed. Thanks to the moratorium, and other
measures promptly taken after consultation with the financial experts, the
panic, such as it was, lasted only a day, the Bank-rate fell more quickly than
it had risen, and in a very short time " Business as usual " was the slogan
of the day. In addition to these special duties the Chancellor of the Exchequer
took a part second to none in arousing the enthusiasm of the country in a
series of speeches. Here is a passage from one of them, which apart from its
intrinsic beauty is a striking example of the kind of oratory in which he has
no living compeer : —

" We have been living in a sheltered valley for generations. We have
been too comfortable and too self-indulgent, many perhaps too selfish ;
and the stern hand of fate has scourged us to an elevation where we
can see the everlasting things that matter — the great peaks we had for-
gotten, of Duty, Honour, Patriotism, and, clad in glittering white, the
towering pinnacle of Sacrifice, pointing like a rugged finger to Heaven."

From this time forward, for obvious reasons, there were comparatively
few pictures of him in Punch. It had no desire to satirize statesmen helping
to ^vin the war, and had abundant subjects for ridicule in the Kaiser and the
otlicr potentates, diplomats, and soldiers arrayed against us. In one of his
speeches, a propos of the issue of the first War Loan, the Chancellor of the
Exchequer described himself as " simply a coal-heaver, filling the bunkers
of the battleships," and Punch illustrated this phrase in the only picture of
him that appeared during the war period of 1914.

I)itroduclio7i

The key-word of 1915 was " munition?." Very early in the 3''ear it became
evident to tlie Cabinet, and to the Chancellor of the Exchequer in particular,
that far greater supplies of arms and ammunition of every kind would be re-
quired than the country was at that time organized to produce. As he said
in February, " This is an engineer's war. We stand more in need of equipment
than we do of men." In the following month the Government introduced a
Bill giving them control f)f all works capable of being used for the production
of war material. In commending the measure to the House of Commons
the Chancellor said that at the head of the new organization they wanted
" a good strong business man with some ' go ' in him who would be able to
push the thing through." Eventually " the man of push and go " was dis-
covered in Mr. Lloyd Cieorge himself, and in April he became Chairman of
the Cabinet Committee on Munitions. Punch evidently had conlidence that
the right man had been found, for on April 21st it had a spirited cartoon
v^ representing him as the driver of an ammunition wagon " Delivering the
Goods."

Shortly after this Mr. Asquith reconstructed the Government as a Coalition,
with tlie full approval of the Chancellor of the Exchequer ; and in the new
Administration j\lr. Lloyd George became Minister of Munitions. His appoint-
ment was noted in a little picture representing him with Lord Kitchener,
" The Soldier and the Munition-maker — Both needed to serve the guns."
He threw himself into his new work with characteristic energy. Difficulties
were many — notably a serious dispute with the South Wales miners, which
he succeeded in settling (" Another Leek in his Cap," July 28th). But by
the end of the year he was able to report that there was now no shortage of
shells, high-explosive or other, and that very soon we should be able to supply
those of our Allies who were in need of them. " Just in Time — Mr. Lloyd
George catches the Victoria 'Bus," was the way Punch pictured it.

Nevertheless things did not go too well for our arms in 1916. Reverses
abroad were followed by the Easter Monday rebellion in Dublin. Mr. Asquith
decided to send the Minister of Munitions to Ireland to see if his well-known
powers of conciliation would succeed in evolving a settlement between North
and South. At one moment he seemed to have succeeded, but the agree-
ment broke down when it had to be translated into fact. In the meantime
he had become Secretary of State for War, owing to the tragic death of Lord
Kitchener. After the heavy losses in the Somme battles the need of more
men for the Army had become urgent, and during the autumn session the
War Minister announced that it would be necessary to enlist men up to the
age of forty-one. Throughout the year he had been growing more and
more dissatisfied with the conduct of the war by the Government. Mr.
Asquith had many excellent qualities, but the power of rapid decision, so
essential in war where opportunities disappear almost before they have arisen,
was not one of them. Mr. Lloyd George pleaded for a smaller War Council ;
with the Prime Minister as its nominal chairman, but himself as its active
head. Mr. Asquith seemed favourable to the idea, but procrastinated so long
that, after much futile negotiation, Mr. Lloyd George resigned.

Introduction

Then Mr. Asquith, feeling his position untenable, also resigned. Mr.
Bonar Law, the leader of the Unionist Party, was invited to form a Govern-
ment, but failed owing to the refusal of Mr, Asquith to serve under him ;
and eventually Mr. Lloyd George was sent for by the King. In a few days
he succeeded in forming an Administration, composed of members of the
Liberal, Unionist, and Labour Parties. His advancement to the highest
othce in the State was generally popular, for it was clear that he possessed
the driving-power essential in this crisis of the national fortunes. Punch
welcomed it with two pictures — " The Man with a Punch," December 13th,
and " The New Conductor," December 20th.

The principal innovation made by Mr, Lloyd George on becoming Prime
Minister was the establishment of a War Cabinet of three men — himself as Chair-
man (with Mr. Bonar Law, Leader of the House of Commons, as " alternate "),
Lord Curzon, and Lord Milner. The choice of Lord Milner — the principal
opponent of his famous Budget who had advised the Lords to " damn the
consequences " and reject it^ — was typical of his methods. Past controversies
and personal antipathies were all swallowed up in his single-minded determina-
tion to win the war, and to secure the best instruments for the purpose wherever
he could find them. Many of the new ministers came from the world of
business, and had little experience of politics. Unlike the old War Council,
whose sittings were at irregular intervals, the new War Cabinet met every
day, and its proceedings were carefully minuted. An army of private secre-
taries was appointed to keep the Prime Minister in touch with every Depart-
ment, and to provide the Press (whose importance Mr. Lloyd George had
recognized throughout his career) with such information as it was thought
desirable for the public to know. In every direction his energies were un-
sparing, but for the most part his work was done behind the scenes. Hence
it furnished comparatively little opportunity for Fundi pictures of him this
year. The publication of the Mesopotamia Report, the appointment of
Lord Rhondda as Food Controller, the rationing of coal, and the ever recurrent
difficulties in Ireland were some of the topics illustrated. From the Londoner's
point of view the most telling cartoon was probably " The Letter and the
Spirit," October loth, arising out of a report that the Prime Minister, on
visiting a South London district which had been badly bombed by the German
aeroplanes, had remarked " We'll give them hell ! " Though officially re-
pudiated the expression was generally believed to represent his feelings with
sufficient accuracy.

The great events of 1918 — the German " push " in March, the turning
of the tide in June, and the rapid retirement of the German Armies before
the Anglo-French advance, culminating in the Armistice on November nth
—furnished Punch with such a wealth of subjects for illustration that there
was little occasion for introducing the Prime Minister. In the spring he
attempted once more to induce Nationalist Ireland to take her part in the
war by the promise of Home Rule, but again without success. With the Allied
victories in the autumn came talk of a General Election, and in December it
was duly held. It was sometliing of a leap in the dark, for under an Act

Introduction

passed by the Lloyd George Administration tlie franchise had been extended
to women, and the electorate increased by many millions. But the new
voters justified the Prime Minister's " Great l£xpectations " by giving the
Coalition an enormous majority.

With the removal of the nightmare that had afflicted it for four years
the public mind showed extraordinary resiliency. The most extravagant
hopes (as we now know) were indulged regarding a rapid return of prosperity,
to be secured by immense payments from Germany. Mr. Lloyd George,
whose temperament makes him very susceptible to public opinion, shared
these hopes, and, on the strength of the coming indemnity, formulated great
schemes of national reconstruction for making Britain a land for heroes to
live in. At the beginning of the New Year Punch warned him to " look out
for bumps." His first duty was to represent Britain at the Peace Conference,
but his attention was frequently diverted by the alarming growth of Labour
unrest. Nevertheless steady progress was made in Paris, and by April the
first draft of the Peace terms was completed. The Prime Minister, though
a comparative novice in international affairs, showed his customary facility
for picking up the important points, and very soon dominated the Conference
by his personality. This is what Mr. J. M. Keynes, not a friendly critic,
says about him in " The Economic Consequences of the Peace " :

" What chance could such a man [Pres. Wilson] have against Mr. Lloyd
George's unerring, almost medium-like sensibility to everyone imme-
diately round him ? To see the British Prime Minister watching the
compan}', with six or seven senses not available to ordinary men, judging
character, motive and sub-conscious impulse, foreseeing what each was
tl linking, and even what each was going to say next, and compounding
with telepathic instinct the argument or appeal best suited to the vanity,
weakness, or self-interest of his immediate auditor, was to realize that
the poor President would be playing blind-man's-buff in that party."

Nevertheless his action aroused a good deal of Press criticism, much
of it coming from Lord Northcliffe's newspapers, wliicli had formerly
been among his strongest supporters. His absence from the House of
Commons also excited remark ; the need of greater economy in the public
services was rapidly becoming urgent ; and towards the end of the year
the perennial Irish problem again came to the fore. A new Home Rule Bill
was foreshadowed. The proposal to set up two parliaments in Ireland was
not welcomed by the Nationalists, but it satisfied the susceptibilities of Ulster
and secured the assent of the Unionist Party.

In 1920 the inevitable reaction after the hectic prosperity of the previous
year began to set in. Tlie Labour Party was encouraged by one or two by-
elections to cherish hopes of power, and those whose wish was father to their
tliought prophesied the downfall of the Coalition. The Irish Republicans
refused to accept in satisfaction of their demands a Bill which gave a separate
Parliament to Ulster. The international situation was far from satisfactory,

Inirodtidiofi

for President Wilson had failed to induce his countrymen to back his project
of the League of Nations. It was hoped that the return of Mr. Asquith to
Parliament for Paisley would pull the Opposition together and indirectly
cause the two branches of the Coalition to maintain a closer union. But
the ex-Premier, " The Reluctant Thruster," as Mr. Punch called him,
did his spiriting so gently that little was accomplished in either direction.
The " homes for heroes " made rather slow progress, partly owing to
financial stringency, and partly to Labour difficulties. In spite of all these
distractions, however, Mr. Lloyd George was able to continue the process
of peace-making, and to make tentative efforts for the re-establishment of
trade with Russia. Though much criticized by the Press, he continued to
preserve his usual cheerfulness, and even permitted the Colonial Secretary
and other members of the Cabinet to join in the journalistic fray. German
recalcitrancy and Polish ambition were among his numerous distractions,
but he managed to take a short holiday in Switzerland, from which he re-
turned with renewed vigour and a St. Bernard pup to face the many difficulties
still awaiting him. Of these the chief was Ireland, where the " gunmen "
of the I.R.A. had established a reign of terror ; but hardly second was the
public outcry against Government extravagance. The Prime Minister might
well have lost heart at the gloomy outlook.

The New Year of 1921 did not bring much enlightenment. Already
there were signs of a cleavage of view between the British and French Govern-
ments over the question of German reparations. A by-election in Cardigan-
shire nearly resulted in the defeat of the Premier's candidate ; and was followed
by the usual rumours of a Dissolution. The trade arrangement with Russia
brought very little business, owing to the continued anarchy in that country.
Worst of all, Mr. Bonar Law was ordered by his doctors to give up political
work, and the Prime Minister was thus deprived at a critical moment of his
most valued coadjutor. Mr. Law's place as Leader of the House was taken
by Mr. Chamberlain, but it was freely prophesied that there would be greater
difficulties with the Unionist wing of the Coalition in future. Immediately
afterwards began the great coal stoppage, which paralysed trade for three
months, and with this and the still unsettled problems of Germany and Ireland
the Prime Minister had his hands full. Mr. Punch seized the opportunity
to illustrate the courage with which he faced his tasks by representing him
as " The Chef," after Sir William Orpen's famous picture. The necessity
of retrenching the public services became more urgent, and eventually Mr.
Lloyd George was obliged to part with Dr. Addison, who, after serving with
liim in various capacities, had recently become Minister Without Portfolio.

Some improvement set in after the turn of the year. After causing an
immense amount of expenditure and loss the coal dispute was at last settled ;
preliminaries were arranged for the Disarmament Conference at Washington,
at which it was hoped (but not by the Northcliffe Press) that Mr. Lloyd
George would attend ; and relations with France temporarily improved.
But even on a brief holiday in the Highlands the Prime Minister was pursued
by the spectre of Unemployment, and it became necessary to hold a short

»7

Introduciioji

Sef^sion in the autumn to pass a number of emergency measures to relieve
distress.

For the second time within recent history " the one bright spot " was
Ireland. Ever since June, when the King opened the first Parliament of
Northern Ireland witli a most conciliatory speech, the Government had been
making efforts to get into touch with the Sinn Fein leaders. As early as
August the Prime IMinister laid down in admirably precise terms the conditions
on which the Cabinet were prepared to set up Dominion Government
in Southern Ireland. But Mr. de Valera, the " President " of the Irish
" Republic," . proved to be a very sticky and somewhat tricky negotiator.
Difficulties also occurred with Northern Ireland. The Irish Conference
dragged on so long that Mr. Lloyd George w\as compelled to forgo his promised
visit to Washington. But thanks to the patience and good sense of both the
British and Irish delegates, clinched at the critical moment by the firmness
of the Prime Minister, an agreement, differing little in essentials from the
terms originally laid down in August, was eventually reached, with the
approval of the majority of both Liberals and Unionists, and amid the plaudits
of the civilized world. Mr. Punch greeted the achievement with a cartoon
in which the Prime Minister was represented as the successor of St. Patrick,
ridding Ireland of its last reptile, the serpent of " Distrust."

It was a happy ending to a year full of trouble and distress, and it forms
an appropriate crown to the strange eventful history of Mr. Lloyd George
as so far set forward in the pages of Punch. As a member of a small nation
he has throughout his career had a special tenderness for small nations ; as
one who suffered, or saw others suffering, from oppression in his youth
he has ever had a passion for freedom. It is meet that Wales should have
furnished the statesman to compose as it furnished the soldier who started the
secular quarrel between Britain and Ireland. Historians may differ regarding
the merits of Mr. Lloyd George's policy. They must be at one in their appre-
ciation of his astonishing career. I can think of no other case in this country
of a lad bom in poverty, equipped with a far from perfect education, and un-
provided with any influence, rising by sheer force of personality and natural
gifts to the very highest place in the realm — and, w^hat is perhaps more re-
markable, staj'ing there. Lincoln, whom in many respects Mr. Lloyd George
resembles, furnishes perhaps the nearest parallel. But Lincoln was born in
a young democratic country, where it is probably easier for a genius to " come
through his horses," and unhappih- he was cut off by death before he w^as able
to show that, like Washington, he could be " first in peace" as well as " fii-st
in war." Mr. Lloyd George has passed both tests. He has now been a Minister
of the Crown continuous!}^ for sixteen years — a record unapproached by any
other democratic statesman. He has steered his country successfully through
the greatest war in its history, and has so far survived the almost deadlier
perils that beset a statesman in peace. Without pretending to be a prophet
I think he will yet fnrnisli more material for Mr. Punch's genial satire.

W. Algernon Locker.

»9

READY TO OBLIGE.

Right Hon. Arth-r J. B-lf-r {meditatively, aloud). " 1 wish I could find a double to take tny
place in tlie Plouse ! "

My.\V-nst-nCh-rch-ll {aside to himself). \ ,, ^ ,, ^^ , to- i^ i x ^7 , , .<

Mr. Ll-yd G-rge {aside to himself). I <^"K'^^ ""^ *" '^^ '"'>' '^'^^^"Ity about //;«/ /

[John Chilcole, M.I'., in Mrs. Thurston's novel (ubout to be.clr<iniatised), has a double who acts as his substitute in

rarliani<'nt.l ,, ,

[January 25, iocs.]

i nruuji-jut :ii6 year i^oj Mr. Bal^vur, I'lui.c .Mintslcr, uas uomed hy the Uii'it'iiiiuns m the I'liiviml ] aily.

yj)*'"'*a»"!i"'faru>(^i-

CARNARVON, 1284-1906.

King Edward the First . . Mr. Lloyd George. The Infant Prince . . The New

Minister for Welsh Education.

Mr. Lloyd George (M.P. for Carnarvon). " Look you now ; this is your man, whateffer."

[.According to tradition, Edward the First presented his infant son, the first Prince of W ales, to the Welsh chieftains
U Carnarvon, holding him up in his arms, and saying, in the Welsh tongue, "This is your man ! "] riulv z? iqo6 1

LLOYD GEORGE AND HIS DRAGON.
Lloyd George [to Welsh Goal). " liutL luc no butLb '. I'm going lor him as fast as I cau I "

[Welsh N'onoinformiit-, arc vijrorously protesting against (uither delay in the promised attack upon the Established
Church ill W.iles.,

[October 16, 1907.]

LLOYD THE LUBRICATOR.

There's a sweet little cherub that floats up aloft to watch o'er the life of John Bull.
[With Mr. Punch's compliments to Mr. Lloyd George on his successful intervention in the late Railway Dispute.]

[November 13, 1907.J

As I'icixdeiil of tiu: LioarU oj iiudc Mr. LiuyJ. George aniieJ a threatened itnke on the railuayi, and ]vr the fir it intm m his caiier

uas praised on all sides.

Bi^i^

Jtrnorci f^^-rn^^e.

THE CABINET CHERUBS.
{After Reynoi^ds.)

[April 23, igo8.]

Mr. Lljj.l GeLtr^i became Chancellor of the Exchequer in Ike Asquith Administration. The othtr " cherubs " ate Mr. Churchiii,

Mr. McKenna, Mr. {novo Lord) Harcourt, and Mr. Ritnciman.

A PRESENTATION MILLSTONE.

Mr. Asquith. " It is my pleasant duty, my dear Lloyd George, to hand on to you tliis
trinket presented to me by a grateful country. I need hardly ask you to he worthy of it."

[May 27, 1908.]

Ai Ckancillor oj the \l:xchequer Mr. Lloyd George uas calUd upon to Jmd the money yr the Old Age Jemiom ichev.e introduced

by Mr. Asquith in the Budget oj 1908.

THE PHILANTHROPIC HIGHWAYMAN.
My. Lloyd George. " I'll make 'em pity the aged poor !

[August 5, 1908.]

^^.^'^^^r.ij:

NOT THE BIRD SHE WAS.

Farmer Lloyd George. " Now then, buck up, old girl, and get fat again."
The Goose. " ^^'ell, the truth is, I seem to have lost confidence in myself."

[September 23, 1908.

^ry^J^trfMl-- \'^ff£l]

A HANDY CUSTODIAN.

Asquith. " Yes, we ought to get past the others pretty easily. But that's the fellow I'm
afraid of."

[October 14, 1908. 1

The House of Lords, on the advice of Lord Lansdoune, threv; out the Goiermnenf s Licensing Bill.

FRONTISPIECE TO VOL. 136 (JAN.-JUNE, 1909).

[June 30, 1909.

John Bull is represented as the camel, reluctant to carry the many neai burdens imposed by Mr. Lloyd George in his jirst Budget.

o
■«

ifcnvinlpaJtn%:

THE JUNKER BUNKER.

Mr. Lloyd George. " How are you getting on. Prince ? " Prince Billow. " Badly, thanks."
Mr. Lloyd George. " Well, I don't think much of your bunker ; you should see 'em on
my course at home ! "

I'iy. [The Death-Duties scheme in Prince Bulow's Budget is vigorously opposed by the Prussian " Junker."]

[February 3, 1009.]

Mr. Lloyd George was at this time preparing his sensational Budget 0/ 1909.

PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT.

" The exnenditure of the year wiU be considerably in excess of that of the past twelve months . .
seq^nce iLs ttoe than usu\l ^vil^ I fear, be available for the consideration of other leg:slat.ve mea

and in

measures." —
consequence less time than usual win, i lear, pe avaiiauic lui lu^ ^^^^.^^^. ^ — -i^ -

The King's Speech. [February 24, 1909.]

■•til . r\h

The Giant Lloyd-Gorgibnsier

RICH FARE.

" Fee, fi, fo, fat,
I smell the blood of a Plutocrat ;
Be he alive or be he dead,
I'll grind his bones to make my bread."

[April 28, 1909.]

yir. Llayi George idtroduau ;':<: B:i.i^i:', vi:t>us:::^ iiurcu.at incJtrc-.Uix and death-duties, on April 29//', 1909.

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A " SIXTEEN MILLION " POUNDER.

My. Lloyd George. " Of course, I shall land him all right. The only question is when ? "
The Fish. " Well, personally I'm game to play with you till well on into the autumn."

[J unc I, 1900.]

.J^.i/ nry /c'Cg Uisciissions Uic Budi^i:: tia.'.ually passed the Cciinnons on ytvcnibcr 5lh.

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OUR MR. LLOYD GEORGE ON TOUR.

First Citizen. " That's 'im, next the Mayor."
Second Citizen. " Well, it ain't much like 'is pictures."
First Citizen. " Ah ! But you wait till you 'ear 'im speak,"

[Certain Ministers, including the Chancellor of the Exchequer, are reported to have spoken their political principles
into a gramophone, for the hpii.-fit of The Budget League.] [Aueust d loo T

GETTING INTO DEEP WATER.

Master Winston {to Master Lloyd). " Lay into him, David."

Papa Asqiiith. " Steady on, you young terrors ; you're making it very uncomfortable for
us in here."

[August II, 1909.]

■^ome o] the speeches 0} Mr. Lloyd George and Mr. Churchill rather startled old-Jashioned Libeiah.

CARRIAGE PAID.

Citoyen George [to Condemned Aristocrats en route to Execution). " Gentlemen, we wish to
make every concession that may suit your convenience. There will, therefore, be no charge
for the tumbril."

[August i8, 1909.]

The peers and other great landcnvners were not conciliated by the prmnise that the preliviiiiary valuation should be paid for by the i>tate.

DECKED FOR THE SACRIFICE.

'?-?■

Shepherd Lloyd George [having given finishing touches to his pet lamb). "You're too

beautiful to die 1 "

Budget Lamb. " But perhaps the butcher will think so too, and then he won't kill me."

Shepherd. " Hush ! Hush ! Don't talk nonsense."

[October 27, 1900.1

It uas C(nnmoH knouiedge that the Budget u«5 deliberately designed as a challenge to the House o) Lords.

SUPPORTERS " RAMPANT,
An Heraldic Inversion.

[December 20, 3909.]

Mr. ASijuith, a^ Prime Mim^Ur, uasjjuasivnatly 1 muur raised by the speeches oj his yoMhjidlicutiiiar.ls, Mr. Lloyd hcwj^c and Mr . Churchill.

WHEN CONSTABULARY DUTY'S TO BE DONE."

Mr. Lloyd George {(o the new Home Secretary) . " I suppose you're going to settle down
now ? "

Mr. Winston Churchill. "Yes; but I shan't forget you. If you find yourself in trouble
I'll see if I can't get you a reprieve, for the sake of old times ! " [February 23, 1910.^

Mr. Churchill nas aftpointcd Home Secretary alter the General Election tf January, lyio.
Mr. Lloyd George's Budget proposals were freely denounced as " feloniotts."

"THE BLAST OF WAR."

KingHenry{Mr.Asquith). " Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more ! " . . .

Fluellen {Mr. Lloyd George). " Up to the breach, you dogs 1 A vaunt, you cullions I "

[King Henry the Fifth, Act III.]
[March 30, 1910.]

Other Ministers represented are Messrs. Haldane, Birrell, Churchill, and Burns.

THE WANDERER'S RETURN.

Budget Bill. " Well, Father, aren't you pleased to see your che-ild again ? "

Enthusiastic Parent. " Oh, it's you, is it ? Welcome Home!"

[April 13, 1910.

I he Biidi^dt of 1909, having been rejutcd by the Lords, iias rciiiiruduccd in April, 1910.

THE CONSTITUTION IN THE MELTING-POT.
The Three Witches. " Double, double toil and trouble ! " — Macbeth, Act IV, Scene i.

[April 13, 1910.]

The Fremicr, Mr. Asquitk, ImJ. introduced Resobdions desv^ned to abolish the Lords' veto on U-gislatwii. I he other " ^.itches " are

Messrs. Lloyd George and ChurchiU.

THEj^LITTLE DOTARD.

Registrar John Bull {to bearer of venerable infant). " Well, what can I do for it — birth

certificate or old-age pension ? "

[April 20, 1910.]

Many 0/ the public were still sceptical regarding the merits oj the Budget proposals.

PEGGING OUT HIS CLAIM.
The New Goldfields. Budget Creek.

[July 6, 1910.]

Mr. Lloyd George himself had no doubts as to the revenue-producing powers of his new taxes.

THE ARCH-DRUID OF DOWNING STREET.

A Musical Correspondent at the Eisteddfod writes. — " Mr. Lloyd George then obliged with
' Land of My Fathers.' The Chancellor of the Exchequer, in his rendition of the famous Land
song, gave its full site value to every note."

[September 21, 1910.]

Ihen u,«i much Uiicusnon oj the term " sue value" vi connexion with the nen' duties on land.

J Ss«<v*«^^

(U\c*% R h-

"THE NIMBLE GALLIARD."

(AI'TER the picture by J. ^KVMOTR I.rCAS, K.A.)

(" Mr. Ivloyd George has shown much humour and extraordinary intellectual
nimbleness and agihty during these discussions '(on the Finance Bill)." — •
Daily Paper.)

[June soj 1909-]

WHAT SHE WOULD HAVE DONE
WITH HjB- !'. p^i IJ ^

MR. LLOYD GEORGE INTRODUCES QUEEN ELIZABETH.

Ffovi a ref^nrl ui " Ike Titties " of Air. Lloyd George's speech at Reading. — "He
wondered wluit would have happened if; Sir Francis Drake liad said, ' I have
only got two bi}^ ships for every one of the Spaniards', and only five small
ones for every small one on their side. I really cannot face them.' There
was a good old Welsh lady named Elizabeth Tudor on the throne of England
at that time who had no fear of either German or Spaniard in her soul. She
would have sent for Drake and have said to him, ' Come over here ; your head
is more useful on Tower Hill than on a British man-of-war.' — (Loud cheers.) "

[Other thing's fqu.illy unplc.i^ant rniulit also have occurred.] [January 12, 1910.]

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LI'L ALFRED AND BOMBARDIER GEORGE

(discussing the insurance Bll.r.).

" My predecessor was advised by the lyaw Officers that if the ulijeit ami
intent of the combatants was to subdue each other by violent blows- (laughter)
- -until one can endure it no longer— (laught^r'i the contest is illegal. . . .
It flenends not merely on the rides wiiich arc to apply, but on the way in
which the tight is actuolly ccuKhK-tefl." — Mr. McKenna's reply to a question on
a wholly di/fereni matter.
[Mr. LylteUon, anrl Mr. J.loyd George.}

[November 8, 19 ii.]

THE CHANCE OF A LIFETIME.

Our Mr. Asquith. " Five hundred coronets, dirt-cheap ! This line of goods ought to
make business a bit brisker, what ? "

Our Mr. Lloyd George. " Not half ; bound to go like hot cakes."

[December 28, 1910.]

The Government were reported to be ready, if necessary, to recommend the creation of five hundred new peers to overcome the opposition

of the House of Lords.

59 ,

BRINGING DOWN THE HOUSE.

Mr. Lloyd George {responding to calls of "Author I " after the first performance of his great
Insurance Drama). " Never knew the haloes come so thick before. Pit and gallery I'm used
to, but now the stalls and dress-circle have broken out I " [May i7, igu-]

The National Insurance^Bill nas at first receiveU witli general approval.

THE DOCTOR.

{With Apologies to Sir Luke Fildes, R.A .)

Patient {General Practitioner). " This treatment will be the death of me."
Doctor Bill. " I dare say you know best. Still, there's always a chance."

[June i4,"i9ii-|

The Insurance Bill met with much criticism Jrom the nudical projesuvn.

li*u3|«,o):;-

LEFT SITTING.

Mr. Asquith. " Well, we've had six mouths of the strenuous life, and it's our turn for a
holiday."

Mr. Lloyd George. " Yes. Let's hope it'll be theirs very soon."

THE PITILESS PHILANTHROPIST.

Mr. Lloyd George. " Now understand, I've brought you out to do you good, and good I

will do you, whether you like it or not."

[November 22, 1911.]

The Insurance Bill was still out of favour with many people, both employers and employed.

THE WOLF THAT WOULDN'T.

Red Riding Hood (Mr. Lloyd Geoy^e). " Hullo, Granny ; hasn't he tried to eat you ? "
Grandmother {Insurance Bill) . " No — never even touched me."

Red Riding Hood. "Good! But, all the same, this isn't the story I've been brought
up on."

[December 20, 191 1.]

CunUary to expectation, the Lords paiseci the Insurance Bill with little demur.

FRONTISPIECE TO VOL. CXLI., JULY-DEC, 191 1.

[December 27, iqii.

Domestic servants were rather doubtful as to the advantages of the Insurance Bill to their particular class.

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UNITED WE DIFFER.

Mr. Lloyd George. " Votes for women ! Don't you listen to my esteemed colleague ! "
Mr. Harcourt. " No votes for women ! My esteemed colleague is talking nonsense ! "

[January lo, 1912.]

The Ministry was much divided on the subject of female suffrage.

CHRONIC DEPRESSION.;
Dame Consols {querulously). " I keep on feeliug so low. Why can't you call in a doctor ? '*
Sairey Lloyd-Gamp. " Which I can't a-bear the name o' sich ! " [February 14, 1912.]

The average price of Consols iit 191 1 uas ;C79, "s compayed with /|46 in 1903

SET STORMY.

Liberal By-election Candidate. " I say, this looks pretty hopeless. Still going down."

Mr. Lloyd George. " Oh ! It'll be all right ia a few years."

Liberal By-election Candidate. " Yes ; but I've got to go out now."

[March 13, 1912.

A by-election in South Manchester resulted in the dejeai of the Government candidate.

Chancellor of the Exchequer. " I'm afraid I shan't make much of a hit with this. It's sure

to be cut out by the CoUier problem picture."

[The right hon. gentleman is under a misapprehension if he imagines that Mr. John CoUier is to exhibit a problem
picture this year.l ^_^p^il 3_ ^^^2 .j

The Budget of 19 12 contained few novel features,
70

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UNQUALIFIED ASSISTANCE.

Patent Medicine {to the Author o, the Insurance Bill). " Never mind, dear fellow, I'll stand
by you — to the death 1 "

[May 15, 1912.]

The National Insurance Bill was jeopardized by the opposition of the medical profession.

DOGG'D.

Winsto??. " Ship's biscuit, I think."

[May 29, 1912.;

It was feared that the necessity of strengthening the Navy to cope with the German menace uouU absorb most of Mr. Lloyd George's

estimated surplus.

THE COMING OLYMPIC STRUGGLE.
Active Training for the Passive Resistance Event.

[July 3, 1912.]

Mi^lresics and jiiaids combined in resistance to the " stamp-lickxng' proposals oj the Insurance Bill'

THE GLORIOUS FIFTEENTH.

Our St. Sebastian. " And now, ladies and gentlemen, after these refieshing preliminaries,
let us get to business." [July lo, 1912.1

The National Insurance Act came into force on July i^ih, 1912.

tT ' HftJSSS&jx/'

■%^-^W --

CQAvCH fry:

-t-^

•• OLIVER ASKS FOR " LESS.

John Bull (fed up). " Please, sir, need I have quite so many good tilings ?
Mr. Lloyd George. " Yes, you must ; and tliere's more to come."

[July 24, iQi;.'

THE TAXABLE ELEMENT.

First Lord. " The sea for me ! "

Chancellor of the Exchequer. " Well, you can have it. Give me the land !

[August 7, igic]

The land-taxes introduced by Mr. Lloyd George had already stimulated the sale of country properties.

MUTUAL SYMPATHY.

Mr. Lloyd George. " Bad weather for the land, I'm afraid."
British Farmer. " Yes ; you'd better try taxing water- values."

[August 28, 1912.]

The harvest of 1912 u-as much injured by tain.
78

THE CREATION OF ENTHUSIASM.

Chancellor of the Exchequer. " I think Professor Schafer must have been misinformed.
I see no signs of life."

[September i8: 1912.]

In the Presidential address at the British Association Prof. Schafer had suggested that life might be created by chemical action.

THE BAIT.

Mr. Lloyd George. " Surely he ought to take this one ! "

[October 30, 1912.1

The panel doctor's rcmuncralion under the National Insurance Act was raised to Ss. 6d. per patient.

SEMI-DETACHMENT.

Gamekeeper {to poacher). " What are you doing here ? "

Mr. Lloyd George {innocently). " I must refer you, sir, to the ferret, who is acting
independently." r^, < c i

^ -^ [November 6, 1912]

FRONTISPIECE FOR VOL. CXLIV.

[January i, 19 13.]'

The Chancellor introduces the Budget.

Mr- Lloyd George. " Not so tricky, perhaps, as some
that I've shown you, gentlemen, but a perfectly sound
performer." [April 30, 1913.]

" She would 'never desert him.' "
(Mr. Lloyd George as Mr. Micawber.)

[July 2, 1913.]

MARKING TIME.

Mary Ann {during a hitch). " Shall we ever get to the doctor's ? "
Chauffeur Lloyd George {hopefully). " Oh, yes ; sooner or later."

Mary Ann. " Well, I thought I'd ask, 'cause I see the ticker's going on as hard as ever."

[January 8, 1913.]

THE SCHOLAR-POACHER.

[Mr. Lloyd George, whose interest in the Land Enquiry is well known, lias (according to Lord Haldane) announced
his intention of throwing himself whole-heartedly into the Government scheme of National Education.]

[January 22, 1913-1

^.^^^-i.^^m^^^.^^^^i^i^ms^ri

RAG-TIME IN THE HOUSE.

Sir Edward Grey's Woman Suffrage Amendment produced some curious partnerships.]

[January 29, 1913.1

W'l"il''^^J^^^'''/z

THE RETURN OF THE GOLDEN AGE.

{Vide the Lloyd-Georgics — passim.)

[February i:, 1913.

THE GERMAN LLOYD.

Kaiser Wilhehn {on the new Berlin-London telephone). " Hiillo, is that the Chancellor?
I say, what do you think of my new idea of taxing capital ? "

Mr. Lloyd George. " Excellent, sir. Most flattering, I'm sure."
Kaiser Wilhelm. " And what do you do when they kick ? "
Mr. Lloyd George. " Tax 'em all the more."

[March 12, 1913.]

A MODEST REQUEST.

John Bull. " I've just been reading four volumes about your kind heart ; and now,
by way of proving it, can't you take a little something off my income-tax ? "

[Ai)ril 2, 1913.1

A Lij'c of Mr. Lloyd George in jour ivUimes had laidy been published.

"SWELLING VISIBLY."

Mr. Lloyd George (Bud^st-niaker) . " Chest — A hundred and ninety-five millions."
John Bull. " That sounds rather flattering. Won't it be too big for me ? "

Mr. Lloyd George. " No, sir, not at your present rate of expansion." [.A.pril 30, 1913.]

-x^-rr.

TOO MANY PIPS.

Asquith {to Lloyd George). " Funny thing, mate ; 'e don't seem to know wot's good for
'im. We shall 'ave to try again."

[Mr. Asquith has promised a Bill to amend the Insurance Act.] nn,,,. a imo t

In one of his speeches on the Insurance Act Mr. Lloyd George hud caUulatcd that the insured person got gd. in benefits jor

4d. ill contributions.

BLAMELESS TELEGRAPHY.

John Bull. " My boys, you leave the court without a stain — except, perhaps, for the
whitewash."

[June 25, 1913-]

9»

PAINTING THE LILY.

[July 2, 1913-]

THE LAND-CAMPAIGNER.
Mr. Lloyd George. " I wonder if I ought to ginger it up or water it down ? "

[The Chancellor is reported to have been camping out on a Welsh mountain.]

[September s.'igis.]

4i 4 ^z '^-"/^^

THE LANDLORD'S NEMESIS.

Pheasant {on the eve of the First). " They're going for me to-morrow."
Mr. Lloyd George (fully armed for future events). " Die happy, bird ! Ten days later I'm
going for them."

[The opening of the Chancellor's Land Campaign is promised for October ii.]

[October i, 3933.1

THE IRREPRESSIBLE.

Mr. Asqnith {waiting for the " patter " to finish). " This is the part that makes me

aervous !

[October 29, igiS-l

THE NEW ULYSSES.
" ' Courage,' he said, and pointed toward the LAND."

' — The Lotos-Eaters.

[November 26, 191 :^.

THE LAND ' CAMPAIGN."

Scoutmaster A squith (to Scout George of the "Pheasant " Patrol). " What have you to report ? "
Scout George. " The enemy is on our side, sir."
Scoutmaster Asquith. " Then let the battle begin ! "

[" Whatever can be done to improve the lot of the agriculturist will have the Opposition's cordial support." — Pall

Mall Gazette.'] rn u » ^

■' [December 17, 1913.]

T>«mar:i [arTrid

^'tJbe CPon^RCb o^^^^GLeri:a nem l/7w-S€€f^:

FRONTISPIECE TO VOL. CXLVI.

[J;uiiiary 7, 1914.]

THE THREATENED AGRICULTURAL MILLENNIUM.

Departing Year. " ' Do I sleep, do I dream ?

Or is visions about ? ' "

[Almanack, 1914 ]

THE SAND CAMPAIGN.
Scene — Algeria, on the border of the desert.

The Arab and the Chancellor
Were walking hand-in-hand ;

The latter wept a lot to see
Such quantities of sand ;

" Why are you holding up," he said.
This very fertile laud ? "

[January 14, 1914.]

too

A DIVERSION.

Burglar George. " It's your money I want ! "

John Bull. " IMy dear fellow, it's positively a relief to see you. I've just.been having such
a horrible dream ! "

[April 29, 1914.J

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102

-^-W ,

The Chancellor of the Exchequer g^^'^

as seen by his opponents and by his admirers. ^^^^

[March 18,191^.]

SA\cTv^

LLOVDa'5

cio^.cl\!S

Lloyd Charon (to Plutocratic Shades). " Vour
you more ! "

fares
[May

will cost
13, 1914-]

"I understand you have only one Welsh saint.
Well, there'll soon be another; it will be Saint
Lloyd George. I would canonise him right
awav. ■ — The Rev. Dr. Clifford at Westbourne
Park Chapel. [March n, igU-J

^m^mtk^^l

Mr. Lloyd George and the Welsh
Disestablishment Bill.

" For the rest it was the same
grinding out of barrel-organ tunes
tbat has been going on these three
years."

[May 27, 1914.]

At Mr. Punch's Christmas Bazaar.
[Almanack, 19 14.]

Mr. Chancellor Micauber. ".Annual
income twenty pounds, annual expendi-
ture nmetcen nineteen six ; result, happi-

''"^•" [May 13. 1914-]

103

THE LIBERAL CAVE-MEN;

OR, A HOLT FROM Tllli BL,VE.

Harassed Chancellor. " It's not so much for my feet that I mind — they're hardened
against this kind of tiling ; but I do hate rocks on my head."

[July 15, I'll).]

The Bitdgei of this year uas much criticized by Mr. Holt, M.f., and other wealthy Liberals.

104

■'^--*.

" EXTRY SPESHUL !

[July 8, 1914.]

" He did not want these adaptations of a

German system which the Chancellor of the

Exchequer seemed to have chosen." — Lord

Jjiiigh Cecil. [July 22, 1914]

David {to the Philistine). " I<ook here, old
man. I should hate to be the cause of any
unpleasantness. Why not approach me as a
deputation and talk things over ? "

[May 12, 1915.]

The Chancellor of the Exchequer " in
homely character of coalheaver hlliug bunkers
of a battleship."

[Xovemher 25, iqi;).]

105

iQH^f^**^

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DELIVERING THE GOODS.

[April 21, 1915O

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107

ANOTHER LEEK IN HIS CAP.
Referring to the sellUmenl of a coal dispute in South Wales.

(July 28, 1915.]

almost too late.
Mr. Lloyd Gkorge only just catches the Victoria 'Bus.

[December 29, 1915]

The Minister of Miinitio)is announced that at last we i^ere producing enough shells fur our requirements.

108

PRESS THE BUTTON. AND UP COMES THE GENIE.

[May 31, 19 1 6.]

- I *-~~iJL^» ^.\^ .y t

OUT ON THE WAR-PATH.

The New Secretary for War [Mr. Li,oyd George] and his trusty hexchman

[LfORD Derby].

[July 12, 1916.]

V log

Photographer Lloyd George. " Nice day for a charming group photo, Sir, with tliis other
gentleman — a war-time study — peace in the home-circle — and so forth."

[August 2, 1919.]

THE MAN -WITH A PUNCH.

[December 13, 1916.]

SERGEANT LLOYD. GEORGE'S NEW RECRUITING
SONG—

" He's fat, fair and forty-owe."

[November i, 191 6.]

THE NEW CONDUCTOR.

OPENING OF THE 1917 OVERTURE.

[December co, 1916.]

Mr. Lloyd George succeeded Mr. Asquilh as Prime Minister in December, 1916.

Ill

.^.^^^^^'^ .M

Generai, IvI.oyd George, War Lord.

[Almanack, 1917.]

:^^1^'

NE-rTHERn

Hitherto unpubushed valentine sent to Mr. Bonar Law last week. Believed

LOST IX THE I'OST. [February 20, loiS/

Mr.^Bunar La^c iaid tn ihe Home oi Cuininoiis, " J have iw more interest in this I'ntne Minister \Mr. Lloyd George] tlian I had in

the Just" [Mr. Asquith],

112

THE NATION DEMANDS.

My. Punch {to the Prime Minister). " If you must have dirty liueu washed in public during
the war, for God's sake, Sir, wash it clean."

[July 4, 1917.]

THE NEW LOAF.

Mr. Lloyd George. " Lucky Rliondda ! But I taught liim those numbers."

[August 15 I9I7-")

114

COBBLES IIMITED

FUMT&STEEL

"KEEP THE HOME FIRES BURNING."

SOr,0 BY OUR OPTIMISTIC PREMIER.

[September 5, 1917]

> 4 14/ til J ^ifSTDinW^ ' -^^ ^^

THE LETTER AND THE SPIRIT.

Prime Minister. " You young rascal ! I never said that."

Newsboy. " Well. T'll lay yer meant it."

[OcloTtrr to, 1917.]

116

INTERLUDE.

St. Patrick. " That's not the way I dealt with poisonous reptiles. What's the good of
trying to charm it ? "

Mr. Lloyd George. " I'm not trying to charm it. I'm just filling in the time."

[November 7, 1917.]

117

DAVID IN RHONDDALAND.

David. " I'm often away from home. How do I get sugar ? "
The Mad Grocer. " You don't ; you fill up a fonn."
David. " But I have filled up a form."

The Mad Grocer. " Then vou fill i\n another form."

[December 5, IQ17.]

118

THE HEAD-BREAKERS.

Nationalist. " No Conscription ! "

Ulstermati. " No Home Rule ! "

Prime Minister. " Break my head by all means, gentlemen — if only you'll break the
Kaiser's first ! "

[April 24, 1918.]

119

Mr. Lloyd George {pumping up his second-hand 19 16 Westminster). " I hope the old 'bus
is good for another six mouths." [July 17, 1918.]

Owing to the War, the Parliament, elected in December, 1910, for a term of five years, on five occasions lengthened its
own existence.

'^•^^^^^

Mr. Punch. " Going to the country, Sir ? "
Air. Lloyd George. " Well, we'll wait and see."

[August 14, 101?-^

t'^--<''"''3

ELEMENTARY ECONOMICS.

[February ig, 1019.I

The long-expected General Election took place at the
end of this year.

At the opening of the neiv Parliament Mr. Lloyd George
made a firm speech in reply to exaggerated Labour demands.

120

A CASE FOR DEFERMENT.

Mr. Punch. " Who's the old dug-out ? "

Mr. Lloyd George. " That's my friend. General Election. I was wondering whether I
covildn't give him a job."

Mr. Punch. " Well, I hope you won't — not while this war's on."

[August 28, rgiS.]

121

AND SO SAY ALL OF US.

The Lancashire Lass. " What Lancasliire gives you to-day she looks to you to give
Europe to-morrow." [September iS, 1918.]

122

SOLDIER AND CIVILIAN.

Marshal FocJi {to Messrs. Clemenceau, Wilson, and Lloyd George).
that road, gentlemen, look out for booby-traps."

" If you're going up

[OctoVer 23, 1918.]

123

GREAT EXPECTATIONS.

[December 25, 1918.]

Ih: Genera! Election nas held on December i-ii>', '"'■' ll:e results were not known till December zSth.

124

THE 1919 MODEL.

Mr. Punch. " They've given you a fine new machine, Mr. Premier, and you've got plenty
of spirit ; but look out for bumps."

[January i, 1919.]

12:

THE PROGRESSIVE WEIGHT-LIFTER.

TFebruary 5, 1910]

126

la:

THE EASTER OFFERING.

My. Lloyd George {fresh from Paris). " I don't say it's a perfect egg ; but parts of it, as
the saying is, are excellent."

[April i6, lOio"

128

THE CHEERFUL PACHYDERM.

Elephant {faintly intrigued). " Who's that tickling me ? "

[April 23, 1919.]

129

THE SOLUTION.
My. Lloyd George. "'Direct action'? By Jove, that's an idea!"

[July 30, 1919.]

At this time there was much discussion in the Labour Parly as to the ttse of ihe strike-weapon for political purposes.j

THE DREAM THAT (APPARENTLY) WON'T COME TRUE.

Sir Donald Maclean. " The people in this country want no Roman triumph."
Lord Curzon. " The trial of the ex-Kaiser may very likely not be held in London."

[July 30, 1919.]

THE JUSTICE OF THE PEACE.

. Mr. Lloyd George {coming on again after
changing his dress). " The last act gave me
' reputation even in the cannon's mouth.'
Hope this next one won't turn it into a
bubble."

[July 9, 1919-]

" I am afraid I am getting contro-
versial."— Mr. Lloyd George.

[February i3, 1920.

The Prime Minister had a great reception on returning from In the debate on the Address the Prime Minister vigorously

the Peace Conference at Versailles, rebutted the criticisms of Mr. Adamson and Sir Donald Maclean.

A DISTINGUISHED STRANGER.

Mr. Bonar Law. " Come and have a look at the old place once more. I think I could
get you in." [August 13, 1919.]

The Prime Minister rarely attended the House of Cotnmons this Session,

132

THE HAZARD.

Mr. Lloyd George (using heavy niblick). " I don't say it's a showy weapon and I don't
say it suits my well-known free style, but it's the only one for the situation."

[August 27, 1919.

133

HIGHWAY POLITICS.

Mr. Smillie. " Nationalization or your life ? "

Mr. Lloyd George. " Certainly not my life. I can tell you that at once. I don't need

to consult the Press about thai."

[September !/■, 1919.]

134

THE RETURN OF LLOYDGEORGIUS TARQINIUS.

Chorus of Departmental Poppies. " Here comes Superbus. Some of us are going to get
it in the neck ! "

[September 24, igig-l

135

NO REST FOR THE WIZARD.

The Prime Minister {weary with the strain of the strike). " Now for forty winks."

The Mosquito. " Ping ! "

[October 15, 1919.]

136

HERCULES AT HOME,

Prime Minister {to faithful attendant). " What's the next labour ? "

Mr. Bonar Law. " Well, if you'll forgive my humour, there are these Lloyd-Georgean

stables that want cleaning out."

[October 29, 1919 ]

137

THE SERVANT PROBLEM.

Mother of Parliaments. " Of course times are changed, and my servants expect greater
freedom ; but I must really ask you, David, to be here to answer the bell one day a week."

David. " Very well, Madam. If you insist I will arrange to make Thursday my ' At
Home ' day."

[November 19, 1919-]

Mr. Lloyd George announced that in future he would attend the House oj Comvions at queslion-time on Thursdays.

138

'-'. 71-

TRIALS OF AN IDEALIST.

'^^7

Lloyd-Bunthorne. " Do you know what it is to yearn for the indefinable, and yet to be
brought face to face, daily, with the multiplication table ? "

Patience. " If you please, I don't understand you. You frighten me." {patience. Act I.)

[December 17, 1919.]

139

THE GREAT POSTPONEMENT.

Prime Minister. " Trust 1 "

Irish Pig. " I'm fed up with trusting."

[December 24, 1919.]

140

ALL DONE BY KINDNESS.

[December 31, 1919.]

The Government of Ireland Bill v;as supported by the bulk of the Unionist Party.

141

THE HEIR PRESUMPTIVE.

Labour. " Perhaps it's a size too big for me at present."

Coalition. " Glad you feel like that, as I haven't quite finished with it."

[January 14, 1920.]

142

m'fhmiii

A DOWNING STREET MELODRAMA.

The Premier. " Come on in, Bouar ; I love these fancy blood-curdlers. Best tonic in
the world."

[February 4, 1920.]

'43

A TEST OF SAGACITY.

Mr. Lloyd George. " Ladies and gentlemen, with the letters I have placed before him
our learned friend will now spell out something that signifies the greatest happiness for
Ireland."

The Pig. " I can't make the beastly thing spell ' repubUc' "

[February i8, 1920.]

The Government of Ireland Bill was denounced by the Republican Party in Ireland.

144

145

THE RETURN OF THE EX-CHAMPION.

Mr. Lloyd George. " \Velcome_back ! I've becu wanting a sparring partner to get me
into condition ; and you're the very man."

[March 3, 1920.]

Mr, Asquiih ivas relumed for Paisley in February,
146

THE KINDEST CUT OF ALL.

Welsh Wizard. " I now proceed to cut this map into two parts and place them in the hat.
After a suitable interval they will be found to have come together of their own accord — (aside)

— at least let's hope so ; I've never done this trick before."

[March lo, 1920.]

The ultimate union of Ulster with the rest of Ireland -ujas contemplated in the Government of Irela nd Bill

A ST. PATRICK'S DAY DREAM
(march 17).

The IJyllist of Downing Street {with four-leaved shamrock). " She loves me I She

But perhaps I'd better not go auy further."

[March 17, 1920.]

148

WHAT'S IN A NAME ?

Mate. " While we are doin' her up, what about givin' her a new name ? How would
' Fusion ' do ? "

Captain. " ' Fusion ' or ' Confusion ' — it's all one to me so long as I'm skipper."

[March 24, 1920.]

149

•• OLIVER • ASKS ' FOR MORE."

Miner. " You'll be sorry one of these days that you didn't give me Nationalization."
Premier. " If you keep on like this, there won't be any nation left to nationalize you."

[April 7, 1920 ]

i^o

-A LEVY ON PATRIOTISM.

[April 14, 1920.]

151

FROM TRIUMPH TO TRIUMPH.

Mr. Lloyd George. "I've made peace with Germany, with Austria, with Bulgaria, and
now I've made peace with France. So there's only Turkey, Ireland and I.ord Northcliffe
^^^^•" [May 5. 19=0.]

»52

THE RELUCTANT THRUSTER.

Mr. Asquith (performing the function of a battering-ram) . " I confess that at my time of
life I should have preferred a more sedentary if less honorific sphere of usefulness."

[May 19, 1920.]

Mr. Asquith' s criticisms of the Government were considered by some of his party to be i^ anting in iigour.

'53

THE PARLIAMENTARY TRAIN.
Porter Lnu: " Some of this stufif will have to be left tor the relief train— if we have one."
Mr. Lloyd George. "That's all right so long as you can carry my little lot."

[May 26, 1920.]

AT THE MILLENNIUM STORES.
Mr. Lloyd George {Chairman). You've worked splendidly up to Christmas, and if you'llput your bactcs into it
for the New Year trade I'll see if I can't give you a good long holiday in the autumn."

Mr. Donar Law {Manager) " Or some other time." [December 29, 1920.]

Mr- Bonar Law, Mr. Lloyd George, Mr. Shorn, Mr. Chamberlain, Mr. Neal, Sir Eric Geddes, Sir Robert Horne, Mr. Churchill-

ENVOYS EXTRAORDINARY.

Prime Minister {to Bolshevist Delegates). " Happy to see you, gentlemen. But would you
mind going round by the tradesmen's entrance, just for the look of the thing ? "

[June 2, 1920.]

It was explained that the reception of the Russian trade delegates did not imply " recognition " 0/ the Bolshevist Govermnent.

155

THE GREAT IMPROVISER.

[June 9, 1920.]

Mr. Lloyd George uas once described in I'unch as " the head 0/ Ike Improvisa-Tories."

156

DIRECT REACTION.

Labour Extremist. " He's a bit too quick on the rebound."

[Mr. Lloyd George gave a very straight answer to the representative of those members of the National Union of Railwaymen
who had refused to handle munitions intended for the defence of the Royal Irish Constabulary against murderous attack.]

[June i6, 1920.]

157

I o u.

German Delegate {at Spa Conference). " We have no money ; but, to prove that we are
anxious to pay you back, let me present you with our Bernhardi's new book on the next
war."

[July 7, ig^o-]

•58

IF WINSTON SET THE FASHION- —

Premier {entering Cabinet Council Room). " What — nobody here ? "

Butler. " You forget. Sir. This is Press day. The gentlemen are all finishing their

newspaper articles."

[August II, 1920.]

Mr. Churchill had recently ix:ritten several articles jor the Sunday Press.

THE PROBLEM.

Poland {to Mr. Lloyd George, organizer of the Human Chess Tournament). " How are you
going to play the game ? I was led to believe I was to be a queen, but I find I'm only a
pawn."

[August i8, 1920.]

160

" THE LION OF LUCERNE."

My. Lloyd George {havmg jodelled heavily). " Not a single dissentient echo ! This is the

sort of peace conference I like." {Continues to jodel.)

, [August 25, i920.-|

The Prime Minister took a brief holiday in Lucerne this autumn.

161

SNOWED UNDER.

The St. Bernard Pup {to his Master). " This situation appeals to my hereditary instincts.
Shall I come to the rescue ? "

[Before leaviDg Switzerland Mr. Lloyd George purchased a St. Bernard pup.]

[September 15, 1920.]

162

A PROSPECTIVE JONAH ?

The Captain {to Sir Eric Geddes). " I sometimes vvonderwhether a man of your ability
ought not to^lind a better opening."

[It is rumoured that the Ministry of Transport is to have a linaited existence.]

[October 6, 1920.]

163

THE EXPERTS.

Asqiiith. " Give him his head ! "

Grey. " Tell him you'll cut the string in a couple of years ! "

Morley. " What you want is a more powerful sanity ! "

[Octol.rr 13, 1920.]

164

i65

THE LAST STRAW.

The Camel Driver. " Now, which hump had this better go on ? "

The Camel. " It's all the same to me. It's boimd to break my back anyhow."

[November 24, 1920.]

166

THE ROAD TO ECONOMY.

The Shepherd. " I wonder if any of you sheep could show me the way."

[" Let the Nation set the example (in economy) to the Government." — Mr. Lloyd George.]

[December' 8,'igio.]

167

THE ECONOMISTS.
Scene. — The Coalition Golf Club de luxe.

Mr. Bouar Laiv. " Dare wc have caddies ? "

Mr. Lloyd George. " Xo, no. M'e are observed. The place is alive with electors.'

'Pprrmhrr 15, 10 :i--.]

["Watch your iM.l'. ! " — Poster of Aiili-Waste Press.]
1 68

A BOXING NIGHTMARE.

The Good Fairy Georgina. " I wave my wand — Utopia doth appear . . .

{extemporizing) Sometliing's gone wrong. O dear ! O dear ! O dear I "

[December 29, 1920.]

169

THE WORLDS PREMIER DUETTISTS.

r/ic Welsh Harp. " You won't take this piece too furioso, will you, dear boy ? "
The French Horn. " Certainly not, mon brave ; not if you don't take it too'^tnoderato."

[January 26, 1021.]

.Mr. Lljyd George had several conferences this year with M. Briand, Ihe French Premier.

170

IN THE LAND OF HIS FATHERS.

Mr. Lloyd George {ivho in the act of apostrophizing his native mountains has been bitten by an
Independent Welsh Rabbit). " Et tu. Brute!"

[February 2, 1921.]

Al a by-election in Cardiganshire there was a heavy poll against the Government.

171

" IN THE SPRING A PRESS-MAN'S FANCY

My. Donar Law. " Everything seems very forward this year."

My. Lloyd Geoyge. " Yes — and tliat reminds me — are we ready for a General Election ? "

Mr. D. L. " What do we want with a General Election ? "

Mr. L. G. " My dear fellow, it's not my idea ; I got it out of the papers."

[February 9, 19:1. 1

iiiimiim

TROTSKY— LIMITED.

Our Mr, George. " Good morning, gentlemen. I'm afraid I've called on your busy day."

(March 23, 1921.

The Irade-a^reement with Russia mcule slow progress oifing to the anarchy in that country.

173

^"f mmmili .

THE NEW SEVEN.
Mr. Austen Chamberlain. " I'm afraid it'll be difficult to fill your place in the boat."
Mr. Bonar Law. " Oh, you'll find stroke an easy man to follow."
Mr. Lloyd George. " So long as the bow side don't try to pull me round ! "

[March 30, 19:1.]

Mr. Chambertain had just succeeded .Mr. Lav; as Leader of the House.

k-/.^;if.

THE WATCH ON THE RUHR.

M. Byiand {recruiting; for the Entente). " Voild, mon brave, doesn't that tempt you ? "

[May 4, 1921.]

175

LIGHTENING THE SHIP.

" It is an ancient Mariner

And he scrappeth one in five."

— Ajler Coleridge.

Captain Lloyd George. " I regret that I must ask twenty per cent, of you to walk the
plank. As an act of clemency I leave the selection to yourselves."

[The Government has issued a circular to the Departments ordering them to make recommendations for the reduction

of thf-ir cxpciiriiturc.bytwcnty per cent.']

[June I, 1921.

176

THE AXE OF DECONTROL.

Mr. Punch. " I'm all for the free use of that weapon of yours ; but I should spare this

tree. It's worth keeping." •

[June 15, 1921.]

177

THE WOMAN WITHOUT A DUSTER.

Britannia {to George the Butler). " 1 understand that we have nothing definite for this
young person to do."

Addison (the Maid oj-no- particular-work). " Don't mention it. Mum. So long as I can
stay_^along o' Mr. George here and draw my money regular, I']] never desert you."

[June 22, 1921.

Dr. .iddiisn was Minister without Pcrtfjlio.
I7»

THE TEN-MILLION-POUND SEAT.

John Bull. " Thank Heaven, that's over. A very tedious and costly show ; and I
never want to see another like it."

[July 6, 1921.]

The coal stoppage, lasting three months, cost the country many millions of pounds.

[July 6, iQei.]

POLITICAL REVERSALS

Scygeant-Major George. " When I say ' About turn ! ' you're to turn about smartly — thus.''
[Sir A. Griffith-Boscawcn, Sir Eric Gcddes, Sir AUretl Monti, Sir Hamar Greenwood.] [August 3, 1921.]

TUc Session of iv,>i was remarkable for clianga in the Government's agricultural, transport, housing and Irish policies-

I So

HIS FRIEND THE ENEMY.

Uncle Sam [to Mr. Lloyd George). " Say, your man Northcliffe is some Press- agent ; he's
made all our folk crazy to welcome you at Washington."

[August 3, 1921.]

The Northcliffe Press strongly protested against the proposal that the Prime Minister should attend the Washington Conference.

181

C-i.^lk(ln^

THE SUPREME SHOWMEN.

3/. Briand and Mr. Lloyd George {together). " Cruelty to auimals ! Why, it's all done

by tact and kindness."

[August 10, 1921.]

1 82

GUARDIANS OF THE PEACE.

M. Briand. " I am of opinion that this is not the psychological moment for us to
intervene."

Mr. Lloyd George. " Once more I find myself in cordial agreement with you."

[August 17, 1921.]

Tlie Entente Powers declined to intervene in the struggle between the Greeks and the Tzirkish Nationalists.

183

THE READY-RECKONER,

My. Lloyd George (assirnilating the lesson with his usual alacrity). " \\'cll, it's very evident
that if 1 want to win the Cieneral Dlectiou I mustn't be identified with myself."

[August 31, 1921.1

riic siuccsi of Aiiti-\i Oilc candidates uas the feature of the current by-dcctiom.

184

'htftiali'^iTnWrA '^

THE MOUNTAINEER.

Ratepayer [to the Premier). " I know you're always keen on mountains, Sir. Have you
noticed this one ? "

[The Premier, after his visit to Blair Castle, said he^had been " greatly pleased with the magnificent scenery of the
Highlands."]

^Sppfombrr 7, 1 021.1

185

THE PROBLEM PLAY.

Our ercr-jcunc I'/emiey [conning his part). " Now here am I, a Welshman, look you :
and I liaf to come on in a Highland ' set,' and play a scene in Ivnglish — all about Ireland —
with a Spanish-American — and lead up to a happy ending. Well, well, I hope it will be all
right on the niglit ! "

[September 14, 1921.]

.Ml . Lloyd Gear gt found great diffi:uUy in inducing Mr. dc Valcra, the Irish Rc[>ublican " President," to come into conference.

1R6

tM LABOWft

WORK FOR ALL.
Prime Minister. " Come on, everybody, and lend a hand. This isn't a one-man job ! "

[October 3, 1921.]

187

<
X
u

'J
•35

o
a,

W =

i88

LQfi-^tott\ii

^/ym>

NAUGHT DOING.

Knight of the Round Table. " Wilt not rnouut behind aud ride with me to slay yon
dragon of unemployment ? "

Detached Knight of Labour. " Nay. I will e'en stand apart and mark what sorry mess
thou makest of it."

[October 19, 1921.]

The Labour Party in ParUament declined to assist the Government proposals Jur dealing with unemplo^'tnent.

189

ALLEVIATION'S ARTFUL AID.

Dr. Lloyd George {to Sufferer from Unemployinent Epidemic). " I don't say these four hot-
water bottles will absolutely cure you, but they should relieve the trouble ; and anyhow
they're better than hot air."

[October 26, 1921.]

IQO

A CABINET PICTURE.

Mr. Lloyd George (to Miss Ulster). " A leetle too serious, my dear ; I want to see that
nice smile of yours. Come, now ; look at the pretty dicky-bird."

[November i6, 1921.]

191

\\V\\VV\U' v-v

.•^^\\#Wm\\^'•^^,■

• '»A\>' ^#' '/J 'f

•^f-'irrZ^^^'^

ig2

FOR THIS RELIEF MUCH THANKS.

Si. David {supplementing the work of St. Patrick). " There goes the last and the worst
of them."

[December 14, 1921.]

The Agrec-ineiit ~uilh t'lu- Irish delegates uas signed or. December bth.

193

A TRANSPARENT DODGE,
Germany. " Help ! Help ! I drown ! Throw me the life-belt ! "
Mr. Lloyd George, i .. ,p . ^■ r x ..

M. Br land ... J ^^ standing up on your feet.

rDeccnibcr 28, iQii-,

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